Staff : where we write the music or notes are displayed upon, it is compose of five horizontal lines and four spaces between each line. and it divided into many parts, each part called Measure.
Clef : There are three kinds of clef, Treble Clef ( G Clef) and Bass Clef ( F Clef) and (C clef).
Bar Lines :we separate the measures with vertical lines.
Ledger lines :we can also add additional lines to write higher notes and lower notes.
Time Signature : is indicate by two numerals.
The upper number indicates the number of beats.
The lower number indicates the note that will occupy one beat.
key signature : is the number of sharps or flats, The sharp and flats will effect to every note in the score.
Note duration : The length of time that a note is played.
Rest duration : to show the period of silence in a measure and it has the same duration of each note .
Accidental : Symbols change the pitches of the notes by raise or lower the notes one half step or two half steps or cancel the effects of raise or lower.
* Notice : look to this staff, the effect of the key signature at F note will be on the whole score, but the effect of the accidental on the C note will only be on the first measure, so we will rise the F note on the first measure and second measure, and we will only rise the C note on the first measure.
Dots & Ties : are uesd to add a note's duration.
we will only play the F note (tied) on this measure
a one time.because the second note is tied with
it, and only to add a half duration to the first note.
its duration is : (1 + 1/2 ).
Double dotting :is the note with two dots.
Its duration is : (1 + 1/2 + 1/4)
Tuplet : the note's value less than the
standard note and indicated by a horizental
line and number on a group notes
Fermata : indicated that the note should be maintained for a period of time for longer than
note value standard ,so you can stay as you like at the note that indicated by fermata
* Notice: we often use this symbols instead of this 4/4, and this symbol instead of this 2/2
Scales with their Key Signatures:
Formation of the time Signature : 2/2 2/4 2/8 3/2 3/4 3/8 4/2 4/4 4/8 6/8
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- How to recognize the key signature:
The signaturs with sharp:
if we look at the G major example, the
sharp is on the F note so the key
signature will indicated by the note that
follows the F note or follows the last
note in the signature as you see in the
A major the last note is G so the
key signature is A major ... and the
Minor indicated by the 6th note from
the scale, example :in the D major scale
the 6th note is B so the scale is B minor.
The signaturs with flat:
In the same manner we will take
the last flat on the scale example :
the Eb major the last flat is A
then count 4 notes after the A,
B C D E the 4th note will be a type of
the scale Eb major.
Minor : in the same manner, the
6th note from the Eb major will be C.
